It is a codified safety standard to protect mankind and animal from dangers such as an electric shock, a fire, an injury, an explosion, or radioactivity, and it is divided in two standards, which are Forced standard and Non-forced standard, according to existence of compulsion  


Please, Refer to the following description for brief information about certifications of each country.
Mark Country Content
Taiwan

In July 28, 1999, MOEA (Ministry of Economic Affairs) of Taiwan declared RPC (Measures Governing Registration of product Certification).
RPC includes EMC and safety.
RPC replaces EMC with Type approval (TA) .
From Jan. 1, 2000, to Dec. 31, 2002, one of TA or RPC can be selected for EMC authorization.
But, from Jan. 1 2003, the EMC authorization must be taken in the RPC method.
Concept of RPC came from Conformity assessment procedures of 93/465/EEC directive Annex.
Under RPC, the conformity assessment is divided in 7 modules. (Refer to attachment)
BSMI (Bureau of standards, Metrology, and Inspection) under MOEA decides application module for each product.

IECEE Member Nation
A CB Scheme is the international certificating system managed in IECEE.
This system is a precondition to mutually admit the result of a test, which is a safety test of electric products for home and office use according to international standard of IEC, among member nations.
After eliminating the duplicated tests of each nation and harmonizing each standard of each nation to IEC international standards, trade barriers between nations are reduced, and as the results , it is managed to provide practical convenience for manufacturer s when they are getting certification of each nation.
USA
It is a CDRH (Center for Device and Radiological Health), an executive department about radioactive health, and an affiliated organization of America 's DHHS (Department of Health and Human Service).
Its main job is to approve standard and to manage manufacturing and trading company that produces, imports, and assembles a laser products based on the information about capacity standard of laser product described in Part 1040.10,11 of 21 CFR (Code of Federal Regulation).
CE Mark
CE stands for Communaut' Europeen in French and means European Communities (European Union) .
This mark "CE" means that a product complies with an applicable European Directive. A European Directive is a European "Law" which relates to health, safety, environment, and consumer protection.
The CE-mark satisfies European standards related in safety, health, environment, and customer protection, in other word, it satisfies all directive s of EU board of director.
The CE marking is required to be displayed on regulated products for sale on the European market. A product manufactured in other countries must acquire the certification for export.
The CE mark doesn't guarantee a quality, but it means that it satisfies basic safety conditions. It permits products to move freely throughout the European market.
In Dec ember . 1990, they unified testing and authorizing system, which evaluates appropriateness according to the standard of products and technical regulations, into global approach . After the unity, the procedure of authorization and mark became uniformed, and EOTC was established. EOTC manages jobs that had been handled by EU executive committee, and it is enforced in earnest manner after settling 17 groups of authorizing object items and 8 modules.
Australia
Australia adopted to regulate EMC standard including partial EMS standards from Jan. 1, 1996, but actually EMS is applied only to radio and TV receiver. The rest of products was limited to EMI standard. It obtained one year grace period (1996), and produced products at this time were allowed to sell until Dec. 31 1998. From Jan. 1, 1997, it has been regulated by force .
The products manufactured before Jan. 1, 1997 had been delayed to apply the act until January 1, 1999 , and thereafter, all products used in residential area, commercial area and light industry area had to follow the act.
USA
/ Canada
It is an approval act according to a mutual certificating procedure of America (UL) and Canada (CSA). If UL certifies it, so does CSA at the same time.
It was established in 1894, and there are 5 testing stations in the state.
The UL was started with a support from insurance company, and it has satisfied " Consumer product safety act" that is independently adopted by force in several cities such as New York , Chicago , San Francisco , and etc. It is not a forced approval subject to federal government, but it is a voluntary standard.
The reliability of UL is evaluated highly in the state, and the most of manufacturer, seller, and importer require s it because of high preference of customers. Therefore, it is like an unavoidable requirement standard for export to the state.
DHHS
DHHS (Department of Health & Human Services )
DHHS stands for Department of Health and Human Services, and it controls the harmful facts by finding and removing them for protecting human health. With the purpose, the CDRH, a subsidiary department of the DHHS, regulates the X-ray emission amount s of various electronic products.
DHHS has a different way to approve a product compared to other organizations. Other organizations approve a product through a test after receiving the product, but DHHS admits the spontaneous prescription for the required product satisfaction that manufacturer checks and obeys by oneself. However, test data, which proves that a product satisfies the prescription, must be reported in advance based on the application form before the products are sold in the state.
In cases that a product doesn ' t fit in the requirements when performing a test by randomly collecting a product from a market or there are the managing problems to be found when visiting a factory and inspecting Q and C system, DHHS could give a correction order, prohibition of sale, and collection order, and also could give a criminal liability to a person in charge according to the degree of problems.
Federal Communications Commission
FCC was established in 1934 based on the Communications Acts. It regulates domestic/foreign communications of radio, TV and cable, and develops and manages broadcasting service, prepares fast and efficient telegraph and telephone service, and improves safety of life and property.
FCC controls civil communications, and regulates unnecessary radio wave radiated from electric and electronic products not to interrupt aerial communication.
The main functions of FCC are for effective uses of the frequency range of 10kHz~3,000GHz, and it permits various device s that discharge radio, approves communication wireless device, and regulates and approves EMI.
Therefore, FCC certification must be acquired for exporting the most of electrical/electronic device s such as various kinds of wireless communication device, wireless device that needs low voltage, computer , and so on that generate wave energy while using.
Russia
From Jan. 1993, federal government of Russia has put it under an obligation to submit a certification that verifies if a product is harmless to men and it doesn't cause environmental pollution when custom clearing imported products.
A certification becomes effective only when it is issued by GOST or foreign organization authorized by GOST, or when an issued certification by organization of exporting nation is reauthorized . Customs of Russia suspends clearance of importing product if it has no certification, and the customs allows clearance only in the case that importer submits certification in certain period.
Especially, the federal government of Russia has forced to attach a GOST authorizing mark on the packing box or product from July 1, 1997.
Therefore, for exporting products to Russia , custom clearance procedure is necessary after obtaining GOST authorization.
Domestic
The Ministry of Information and Communication presents the Registration for Electro-magnetic radiation Compatibility based on Article 57 of the radio wave act, and it has been enforced for preventing industrial disasters caused by malfunction of machine or interruption of communication by unnecessary radio wave on account of surging use of electric/electronic machine, for having an international competitiveness of domestic product, and for protecting an domestic radio -wave environment by dealing actively with trade protections of developed countries.
Norway
NEMKO was established in 1924, and it tests and approves electric parts and machines for home use. It has been used as a name of Electric safety standard of Norway .
There are an act called "Supervision of Electrical Installations" (May 24, 1929) and imperial order called "Royal Decree" (May 31, 195 6 ) in relation of Electrical test of all sorts of machine including parts and materials for home use that connect to power plug. There are three purposes for performing forced test in NEMKO.
1) Protect human body against danger from electric machine for home use
2) Prevent a fire or a danger while using a machine.
3) Protect from unnecessary electric wave that created from electric machines.
If all sorts of electric machines including parts and materials for home use that connect to power plug is not approved through tests of NEMKO, they cannot be displayed and sold.
Sweden
It was established in 1925, and it has started to carry out a test job since 1928. In 1935, Swedish government recognized authority of test and approval, and it was appointed as a national testing organization in 1977.
The various related authorities in Sweden proclaim prohibition to sell, deliver , and acquire unless machine separately selected by the electric act is suitable for SEMKO standard through testing inspection.
It is an essential condition to get SEMKO to sell such product in Swedish market, and even if a product is not applicable item s like under rated 25V motor driving machine for home use, the approved parts must be used in case when parts are applicable items .
Germany
TUV is a test organization for authorization, and it is representative of private organization in Germany that has been taking charge of certificating job and several tests related with safety of industry for a long time.
There are many TUV all over Germany, and it is a test and investigation organization that manage s quality and safety in all sorts of industry fields such as instrument, electronic/electricity, automobile, chemical equipment, atomic energy, aircraft, and etc.
It has been carrying out many tests and approval jobs like test and approval for granting a GS mark, which is known as a synonym of " Safe Product " among German people, Bauart mark, which is safety mark for various parts, and test and approval of safety and radio wave related test for automobile , and other parts .
Japan

VCCI was established in Dec. 1985 by 4 private organizations with a purpose to apply self-imposed control against unnecessary radio wave s generated from ITE.
The technical level of this VCCI is not forced national standard, but Japan induces to follow this standard when commercializing ITE device, and also plays a significant role in view of recognition of consumers.

VCCI is not approval system but registration system. When applying for the first time , company registration must be performed.
A product can be registered with an evaluation certificate issued by test organization that is registered at VCCI, and the products can be sold only after receiving a document from VCCI that identifies completion of registration.
The registered company must attach a label for Class 1, and a mark for Class 2 to a product, catalog, and user manual in places easy to identify according to technical type designated by VCCI.
VCCI performs an evaluation test for checking suitability for technical standard of ITE in market.
After-the-matter management is performed based on " Enforcement Regulation of market handling operation of regulation for Self-imposed control".
A test standard performed by VCCI is based on CISPR-22 standard.